On 24 October 2019, EU member states reached a multi-lateral agreement to end bilateral investment agreements within the EU. The agreement follows statements made on 15-16 January 2019 on the legal consequences of the Court of Justice ruling in the Achmea case and on the protection of investments in the European Union, in which Member States pledged to end their internal EU BIT. protection of foreign investment in countries where investor rights are not yet protected by existing agreements (for example. B modern friendship, trade and navigation agreements or free trade agreements); Other investment agreements concluded on a multilateral basis or in the form of a chapter of a free trade agreement are listed separately. On 5 May 2020, 23 Member States signed the agreement to end bilateral investment agreements within the EU («End Agreement»). The world`s first ILO was signed on 25 November 1959 between Pakistan and Germany. [3] [4] Currently, more than 2500 BITs are in force, involving most countries in the world. [5] Influential capital-exporting countries generally negotiate ILOs on the basis of their own «model» texts (such as the Indian or US ILO model). [6] [7] Environmental provisions have also become increasingly common in international investment agreements such as the ILO. [8]104 are signatories to the termination agreement: Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Republic of Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia and Spain. The termination contract transposes the judgment of the European Court of Justice of March 2018 (Achmea case), in which the Court found that the investor-state arbitration clauses contained in bilateral investment agreements within the EU («INTRA-EU-ILO») are incompatible with EU treaties. International investment agreements (AI) are divided into two types: (1) bilateral investment agreements and (2) investment contracts. A bilateral investment agreement (ILO) is an agreement between two countries to promote and protect investments made by investors from the countries concerned in the territory of the other country.

The vast majority of IDu are bits. The category of contracts with investment rules (TIPs) includes different types of investment contracts that are not BITs. There are three main types of TIPs: 1) global economic contracts that contain commitments that are often included in ILOs (. B, for example, a free trade agreement with an investment chapter); 2. contracts with limited investment provisions (for example. B, investment creation or free transfer of investment-related funds; and 3) contracts that contain only «framework clauses,» such as. B on investment cooperation and/or a mandate for future investment negotiations. In addition to IDAMIT, there is also an open category of investment-related instruments (IRIs). It includes various binding and non-binding instruments, such as model agreements and draft instruments, multilateral conventions on dispute settlement and arbitration rules, documents adopted by international organisations and others.